Did Jfk Wear Makeup Vs Nixon
September 26, 1960 is the day that changed part of the modern political mural, when a Vice President and a Senator took part in the start nationally televised presidential argue.
The Vice President was Richard M. Nixon and the U.S. Senator was John F. Kennedy. Their first televised argue shifted how presidential campaigns were conducted, as the ability of television took elections into American's living rooms.
The debate was watched alive by lxx million Americans and it fabricated politics an electronic spectator sport. It as well gave many potential voters their outset chance to meet actual presidential candidates in a live environs, as potential leaders.
The importance of the event tin't be underestimated. Before 1960, there were candidates who debated (Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas were xixthursday century examples) and there were candidates who appeared on television receiver. And in that location were candidates who went out on the trail and "stumped" for votes, appearing in public at pre-arranged events or at whistle-stop tours on trains.
Simply most voters never had a chance to run across candidates in a shut, personal style, giving them the opportunity to form an opinion virtually the adjacent president based on their looks, their voice and their opinions.
Going into the debate, Nixon was the favorite to win the election. He had been President Dwight Eisenhower'south vice president for viii years. Nixon had shown his mastery of television in his 1952 "Checkers" spoken language, where he used a televised accost to debunk slush-fund allegations, and secure his vice presidential slot by talking about his pet dog, Checkers. Nixon had also bested Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev in the famous Kitchen Debate.
Kennedy was the photogenic and energetic young senator from Massachusetts who ran a calculated primary entrada to all-time his primary rival, Senator Lyndon Johnson. But Kennedy had debate feel in the primaries and said, "Nixon may have debated Khrushchev, but I had to debate Hubert Humphrey."
The debate took place in Chicago and CBS assigned a 38-year-old producer named Don Hewitt to manage the event. Hewitt went on to create "60 Minutes" for CBS. The highly promoted effect would pre-empt "The Andy Griffith Show" and run for an hr. Hewitt had invited both candidates to a pre-production meeting, but only Kennedy took up the offer.
When Nixon arrived for the debate, he looked ill, having been recently hospitalized considering of a knee injury. The vice president and then re-injured his genu as he entered the Goggle box station, and refused to call off the argue.
Nixon also refused to wear stage makeup, when Hewitt offered information technology. Kennedy had turned downward the makeup offer first: He had spent weeks tanning on the campaign trail, but he had his own squad do his makeup merely before the cameras went alive. The result was that Kennedy looked and sounded adept on television, while Nixon looked pale and tired, with a five o'clock shadow beard.
The next twenty-four hour period, polls showed Kennedy had become the slight favorite in the general election, and he defeated Nixon by one of the narrowest margins in history that Nov. Before the debate, Nixon led past half-dozen per centum points in the national polls.
There were three other debates between Nixon and Kennedy that fall, and a healthier Nixon was judged to have won 2 of them, with the final argue a draw. However, the final three debates were watched by 20 million fewer people than the September 26th event.
In the aftermath of the first contend, Nixon'due south running mate, Henry Cabot Lodge, had a few choice words for the GOP presidential candidate. "That son-of-a-bitch only lost u.s. the election," Society reportedly said. Johnson, who was Kennedy's running mate, idea his running mate had lost the debate. Gild saw the argue on Television, while Johnson listened to the argue on the radio.
The effect's aureola of existence a game changer was so potent that in the following three campaigns, the sitting president refused to debate any challenger. It was Gerald Ford in 1976 who established the current tradition of televised presidential debates in every full general election.
Ford became the starting time sitting president to have part in a televised debate. During his second debate with Jimmy Carter in San Francisco, President Ford said, "In that location is no Soviet domination of Eastern Europe." The gaffe was seen as a key factor in Carter's win over Ford.
Presidential debates became a fixture in 1980, after the GOP challenger, Ronald Reagan, used a stiff debate functioning just a week before the election to win by a comfy margin over Carter.
Source: https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/the-debate-that-changed-the-world-of-politics
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